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About

 Fès

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IAA705782

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gate

Morocco

Import

Aga Khan Visual Archive: Morocco

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Bab-Dekakéne

Fez Photograph Album

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unknown

IMG27349

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IMG27351

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IMG27410

باب الدكاكين

Original

Bab Dekakene

Alternate transliteration

Dekakene Gate

Variant

Bab Dekkakin

Transliterated

See <a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/2353" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Timeline: Almohad</a> ﻿North African Berber dynasty which ruled over much of North Africa, Spain and parts of sub-Saharan West Africa. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Almohads originated from the Atlas mountains of Morocco and were led by a religious leader who preached moral reform. They defeated the ruling dynasty of the&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/timelines/48/period/Almoravid/year/1053" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Almoravids</a>&nbsp;and established the greatest empire of the western Islamic world. In 1170/565 AH the capital was moved to&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3944" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Seville</a>&nbsp;from where resistance to the Christian reconquest could be organized.&nbsp;City walls are equally demonstrative symbols of Almohad ideology with stepped crenellations and decorated gateway facades. The best examples of Almohad fortifications are the city gates at&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3900" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Rabat</a>&nbsp;with their complex bent entrances and monumental facades decorated with cusped arches.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Almohad architecture is characterized by its mosques and fortifications. The most notable feature of Almohad mosques are the large minaret towers which dominate the great mosques of&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3944" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Seville</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3820" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Marakesh</a>&nbsp;and Rabat. Under their predecessors, the Almoravids, minarets were thought to be inappropriate and were left out of mosque designs. The Almohads were responsible for reintroducing the minaret, first in a tentative form, as in the&nbsp;minaret of&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/sites/1745" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Timnal</a>&nbsp;where it is a low tower behind the mihrab, and later in a monumental form. The design varied from one tower to another but the basic form was a square shaft containing a central core with a vaulted room on each storey. The exterior was usually decorated with windows set within frames made of cusped arches which formed networks of lozenge shapes. The form of these minarets established a tradition which was followed in mosques of the fourteenth century and later. Petersen, Andrew.&nbsp;Dictionary of Islamic Architecture.&nbsp;London and New York: Routledge, 1999.

Almohad

See: <a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/2366" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Timeline: Marinid</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Marinids (Beni Marin, Merinids, or Merinides) were Zenata Berbers who fled west from the Hillalian invasion. They first appear in 1196/592 AH as supporters of the&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/timelines/48/period/Almohad/year/1130" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Almohads</a>, but in 1216/612 AH they began to take advantage of the weakening of the dynasty to establish control over what is now northern Morocco. Under the leadership of Emir Abu Yahya (1244-1258/641-655 AH) the Marinids consolidated their military strength and moral authority, the dynasty took control of the imperial cities of&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3828" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Meknes</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3657" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Fes</a>, and Salé, and his successor, Abu Yaqub Yusuf (1258-1286/655-664 AH), put an end to the Almohad dynasty by taking the capital city of&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3820" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Marrakech</a>&nbsp;in September 1269/Muharram/668. After defeating the Almohads, they sought to re-establish their empire. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Failed invasions of North Africa between 1260/658 and 1267/665 AH gave the Marinids a foothold in Spain, and by the end 14th century they had occupied Rota, Tarifa and Gibraltar. In 1337/738 AH they conquered the the Abdalwadid kingdom of&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/4007" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Tlemcen</a>&nbsp;and in 1347/748 AH by the defeat of the Hafsid empire in Ifriqiya, which gave them control of the Maghreb as far east as Tripoli. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Marinids founded Fes Jdid (the new Fes) as an administrative and military centre, and it was during their reign that Fes reached its apogee, ranking among the largest cities in the world at the time. It became an important intellectual center, and many of its more important monuments date to this period.&nbsp;Despite internal infighting, Abu Said Uthman II (1310–1331/ 710-731 AH) initiated huge construction projects across Morocco, most notably madrassas, built to create a dependent bureaucratic class that would undermine the power of the Sufi marabouts. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In 1340/740 AH they were defeated by a Portuguese-Castilian coalition in the Battle of Río Salado and forced to withdraw from Andalusia, retaining control only of Algeciras. In that same year a revolt of Arab tribes in southern Tunisia, made them lose some of their eastern territories. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In 1348/749 AH Abu al-Hasan was deposed by his son Abu Inan Faris, who tried to reconquer Algeria and Tunisia. He was strangled, in turn, by his vizir in 1358. After 1358 true power fell in the hands of the viziers and this period was marked by a rapid succession of Sultans. Supported and manipulated by foreign powers the powerful Viziers furthered the fragmentation of the state and precipitated the Marinids’ eclipse. The Marinids were increasingly perceived as decadent and their taxes excessive. This allowed competing powers to gradually whittle away at territory over the next 100 years. Marrakesh was lost to the Hafsids as early as 1359/760, and territories to the south claimed autonomy. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In 1401/803 AH Spanish forces invaded Tetouan in the north, and in 1415, the Portuguese took Ceuta. The inability of the Marinid state to ward off the foreign invaders weakened the prestige of the dynasty beyond repair. The last Marinid ruler, Sultan Abd al-Haqq (1420-1465/823-869 AH) was assassinated in 1465/869 AH. <a href="https://www.archnet.org/authorities/2691" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Michael A. Toler</a>

Marinid

See, also, <a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/2379" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Timeline: Sharifian</a> Alternate names: ʿAlawī, Alaouite, Alawid, Filālī S̲h̲arīfs, سلالة العلويين الفيلاليينApproximate dates:1631/1041 AH - presentTerritory: Current rulers of the Kingdom of Morocco. On Archnet: ﻿Rulers:<a href="https://archnet.org/authorities/8245" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Mawlay al-Sharif</a>&nbsp;(founder,&nbsp;r. 1631-1636/1041-1045 AH)<a href="https://archnet.org/authorities/2721" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Mawlay Ismail Ibn Sharif</a>&nbsp;(r. 1672-1727/1083-1139 AH)<a href="https://archnet.org/authorities/2723" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Sidi Muhammad ibn 'Abdallah al-Khatib</a>&nbsp;(r. 1757-1790/1170-1204 AH)<a href="https://archnet.org/authorities/2626" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Moulay Sulayman</a>&nbsp;(r. 1792-1822/1206-1238 AH)<a href="https://archnet.org/authorities/2731" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Mohamed V</a>&nbsp;(r. 1927-1961/1327-1380 AH)<a href="https://archnet.org/authorities/2656" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Hassan II</a>&nbsp;(r. 1961-1999/1380-1420 AH)<a href="https://archnet.org/authorities/2733" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Mohammed VI</a>&nbsp;(r. 1999-present /1420 AH- present) Capital Cities:<a href="https://www.archnet.org/authorities/3828" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Meknes</a><a href="https://www.archnet.org/authorities/3900" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Rabat </a>

Bab-Dekakéne
Fes, Morocco

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Bab-Dekakéne
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Bab-DekakéneFes, Morocco

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Bab-DekakéneFes, Morocco

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Bab-Dekakéne
Fes, Morocco

Bab-Dekakéne
Fes, Morocco