Funerary Complex of Qanibay Amir AkhurCairo, Egypt
This mosque complex belongs to Qanibay al-Sayfi, also known as al-Rammah ('the lancer'), who was amir akhur kabir, or grand master of the horse, during the reign of Sultan al-Ghuri. It was built in 1503-1504/908 AH on a large site on a hill overlooking the hippodrome and the Madrasa-Mosque of Sultan Hasan. The site is appropriate, since the horse market and stables of the Citadel were originally located just off the maydan.
The complex has a main facade that takes maximum advantage of the view and at the same time exposes itself to the crowds below. The complex projects a long front facade that includes the sabil-kuttab, minaret, trilobed groin-vaulted portal, windows inside large rectangular panels, and a stone dome. The dome is embellished by a handsomely carved arabesque pattern with triangular corner supports.
The hill's slope presented a challenge which the architect cleverly overcame by raising the mosque on storage rooms so that the various parts of the facade would be at the same height; the top has one continuous line of crenellations, contributing to its uniformity and coherence.
The interior follows the qa'a plan; the qibla iwan is roofed by a shallow vault on pendentives. The opposite iwan is covered by a cross-vault. The minaret is entirely rectangular. Both minarets of Qanibay are surmounted by a double-headed structure, a departure from the standard bulb carried on eight columns.
The complex was first restored in 1895, and underwent restoration again in the early 2000s.
Sources:
Behrens-Abouseif, Doris. "Change in Function and Form of Mamluk Religious Institutions." Annales Islamologiques 21 (1985): 73-93.
Behrens-Abouseif, Doris. Islamic Architecture in Cairo. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1989.
Jarrar, Sabri, András Riedlmayer, and Jeffrey B. Spurr. Resources for the Study of Islamic Architecture. Cambridge, MA: Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture, 1994. Resources for the Study of Islamic Architecture. Cambridge, MA: Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture.
Meinecke, Michael. Die Mamlukische Architektur in Ägypten und Syrien (648/1250 bis 923/1517). Glückstadt: Verlag J. J. Augustin, 1992.
Williams, Caroline. Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide, 67-68. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2002.
This mosque complex belongs to Qanibay al-Sayfi, also known as al-Rammah ('the lancer'), who was amir akhur kabir, or grand master of the horse, during the reign of Sultan al-Ghuri. It was built in 1503-1504/908 AH on a large site on a hill overlooking the hippodrome and the Madrasa-Mosque of Sultan Hasan. The site is appropriate, since the horse market and stables of the Citadel were originally located just off the maydan.
The complex has a main facade that takes maximum advantage of the view and at the same time exposes itself to the crowds below. The complex projects a long front facade that includes the sabil-kuttab, minaret, trilobed groin-vaulted portal, windows inside large rectangular panels, and a stone dome. The dome is embellished by a handsomely carved arabesque pattern with triangular corner supports.
The hill's slope presented a challenge which the architect cleverly overcame by raising the mosque on storage rooms so that the various parts of the facade would be at the same height; the top has one continuous line of crenellations, contributing to its uniformity and coherence.
The interior follows the qa'a plan; the qibla iwan is roofed by a shallow vault on pendentives. The opposite iwan is covered by a cross-vault. The minaret is entirely rectangular. Both minarets of Qanibay are surmounted by a double-headed structure, a departure from the standard bulb carried on eight columns.
The complex was first restored in 1895, and underwent restoration again in the early 2000s.
Sources:
Behrens-Abouseif, Doris. "Change in Function and Form of Mamluk Religious Institutions." Annales Islamologiques 21 (1985): 73-93.
Behrens-Abouseif, Doris. Islamic Architecture in Cairo. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1989.
Jarrar, Sabri, András Riedlmayer, and Jeffrey B. Spurr. Resources for the Study of Islamic Architecture. Cambridge, MA: Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture, 1994. Resources for the Study of Islamic Architecture. Cambridge, MA: Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture.
Meinecke, Michael. Die Mamlukische Architektur in Ägypten und Syrien (648/1250 bis 923/1517). Glückstadt: Verlag J. J. Augustin, 1992.
Williams, Caroline. Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide, 67-68. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2002.